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Currently, stem cell therapy requires large numbers of specific types of human cells. Scientists have recently discovered that irradiating near-infrared laser light on adult stem cells derived from human fat can increase the replication speed of stem cells by 54%, while using green laser light can make stem cells transform into different types of cells at a faster rate. Under laboratory conditions, continuous laser irradiation of adult stem cells results in increased proliferation and differentiation.
We all know that we all have fat on our bodies, and those looking to lose weight want to reduce it through exercise or a diet plan. But what is less well known is that the body's belly fat may in the future be the source of a whole new kind of personal medicine.
Hidden in human adipose tissue are "primitive" cells called adipose stem cells. People of any age have these stem cells, which can turn into bone cells, liver or heart cells. In theory, adipose stem cells can be transformed into any cell type needed in any part of the body.
In people with osteoporosis, cells that are supposed to differentiate into the bone stop working. But current clinical trials using stem cell therapy to treat chronic diseases are not as effective as expected. In past experiments, researchers used chemical or biological methods to promote cell differentiation. The researchers used lasers in a technique called photobiomodulation, shining specific wavelengths of light on stem cells to stimulate differentiation. The aim is to find a way to efficiently proliferate and differentiate stem cells into other tissue cells. Typically, researchers irradiate stem cells with red and near-infrared lasers in the lab. The two wavelengths of laser light cause cells to multiply into more of the same stem cells, a process called proliferation. But to repair any part of the body, stem cells also need to be turned into the other types of cells needed, a process called differentiation.
Because red lasers and near-infrared lasers are not very ideal in differentiating cells. For this, the researchers tried a new combination of lasers. They irradiated the fat stem cells with a green laser (525nm). At the same time, green laser and near-infrared laser (825nm) were continuously irradiated on the stem cells. It was found that the use of near-infrared and green lasers resulted in a 54% increase in the proliferation efficiency of stem cells. The reactive oxygen species were also 50% higher compared to the experimental data from the control, implying a much higher degree of differentiation. Stem cells increase cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). These cells also had a higher mitochondrial membrane potential, meaning that the multiplied differentiated cells could store more energy. "The use of near-infrared and green light lasers enables adipose stem cells to multiply rapidly and to achieve sufficient differentiation," the researchers said. "We will further investigate this approach to achieve the goal of cell regeneration."
As the body ages, the body's repair mechanisms gradually weaken until they fail. At this time, the cells are no longer as hard as they used to do the work of proliferation and differentiation. Fortunately, adipose stem cells are hidden in the body's fat deposits. With the advent of the use of laser treatment methods, it will help to enhance the body's natural repair capabilities. The researchers believe this regenerative technology is an important step toward personalized medicine. One day, chemotherapy will be phased out due to its uncontrollable side effects, and stem cell therapy will be "adjusted" for specific populations in the future.
